North Shore AIR

North Shore Air Inventory Report

Funded by the Environmental Protection Agency

 

Area Sources


Based on the EPA Prioritization of health-risk HAPs, Area sources are the next largest contributor of emissions after on and off-road equipment.  To further identify reduction possibilities -  we reviewed the area sources that contributed to the highest risk chemicals in order of the risk they pose. The table below includes all sources contributing 1 ton or more (in descending order – largest contributor to smallest) for the top 10 health risk chemicals.

Risk Chemical

Contributing Area Source (Essex County)

Contributing Sources Identified in 3 Target Communities

Reduction Possibility

Benzene

Residential Wood Heating: Woodstoves - conventional (4%)
Municipal Landfills
Open Burning -  Forest and Wildfires
Gasoline Distribution (Stage I)
Gasoline Service Stations
Surface Coatings: Architectural, all coating types
Natural Gas Transmission & Storage
Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTW) Emissions
Homeowners would be primary source. All gas stations were identified and located. Salem has a Natural Gas transmission and storage tank. Salem has a POTW – South Essex Sewer District.

Wood burning less than 4% of total, thus not significant, and other listed area  sources are even smaller contributors. 

Could target Gas stations and surface coatings.

Mobile sources would be greatest impact.

Ethylene Dibromide

Municipal Landfills  (78%)
Miscellaneous Organic Chemical Processes
No active landfills in the 3 communities. No Organic Chemical processes that report this as an emission. No known reduction opportunities.
Acrolein

Structure Fires
Open Burning -  Forest and Wildfires
Annual Christmas tree burning No likely reduction opportunities
1,1,2,2, -Tetrachloroethane

Municipal Landfills (99%)
Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTW) Emissions
Miscellaneous Organic Chemical Processes
No active landfills in 3 communities.  Salem POTW does not report this, nor do any other emitters. No known reduction opportunities
Carbon Tetrachloride

Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTW) Emissions (90%)
Miscellaneous Organic Chemical Processes
Painting and Paper Hanging
Municipal Landfills
Consumer and Commercial Products Usage: Coating and Related Products
Salem POTW does not report this. No likely reduction opportunities
Bis (2-Ethylhexyl) Phthlate

Utility Boilers: Coal
Industrial/Commercial/ Institutional Boilers & Process Heaters
Residential Heating: Anthracite Coal
Residential Heating: Bituminous and Lignite Coal
Salem Power Plant Reduce Coal usage in Utility scale and home use.
Naphthalene

Consumer and Commercial Products Usage: FIFRA-Regulated Products (54%)
Gasoline Service Stations  (6%)

Consumers Products.

Gas Stations.

54% from FIFRA products-good target. Only 6% from Gas Stations-maybe good target since one type of change.
Tetrachloroethylene

Dry Cleaning:  Perchloroethylene (70%)
Consumer and Commercial Products Usage: Automotive Aftermarket Products
Municipal Landfills
Halogenated Solvent Cleaners
Drycleaners were specifically identified. 70% from Drycleaning thus Drycleaning is target for reduction

Based on this review of the data the following priorities for our target communities were identified thru EPA risk ranking evaluation:

  • Mobile Sources (on and off road) due to their contribution to 5 of the top 10 risk chemicals.
  • Coal Use at Salem Power plant due to its contribution to Bis (2-Ethylhexyl) Phthlate
  • Consumer products containing Naphthalene
  • Gasoline Service Stations due to contributions to Benzene (largest risk chemical -although Gas Stations are small % of contribtion) and Naphthalene.
  • Drycleaners use of Tetrachloroethylene
  • In addition, the disposal of consumer products seems to be having a large impact on the other recurring sources – POTWs and Landfills.  While there are no longer active landfills in our target communities, they do host a large scale POTW – the South Essex Sewerage District facility, located in Salem.